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Numerical Simulation of Traffic-Related Brain Injuries

出版	Chalmers University of Technology, 2008
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=-_UGkAEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋In this thesis, it is proposed that a model of the human head is studied to investigate brain injuries. The geometry model consists of three layers of different materials, the skull, the cerebro spinal fluid (CSF) and the brain. The aim of the thesis is to try to understand the injury mechanism in a frontal impact on the head focusing on the special behavior of the CSF and its interaction with the brain. To make this possible, the computational fluid dynamics software Ansys CFX has been coupled with the finite element software called Ansys WORKBENCH. The connection between them permits the transfer of loads from the skull to the fluid and from the fluid to the brain. In addition, several theories are proposed to explain why the brain injury is located in the frontal part (coup injury) or in the back site of the impact (contra coup injury). To model the central nervous system (CNS) different geometries and boundary conditions have been performed to simulate a more realistic pattern. However, the simplification of these models has been a difficult task due to the complexity of the organic structures and the nonlinearity of the materials, especially the brain. The lack of knowledge about mechanical properties from organic tissue such as brain tissue, was a problem during all the simulations. Previous theses have been written about mechanical brain properties but the problem remains in the differences between the tests setups. Further investigations and standardized tests are needed to get a better validation of the results.