Leguminosae is the third largest family of flowering plants after Asteraceae and Orchidaceae. In India, it is the second largest family after Orchidaceae with more than 1400 species out of which about 23% are strictly confined to the country. In India, the maximum legume diversity and endemism is found in the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot. Even though many reports on palynological data on widely distributed and alien species of Indian Leguminosae are available, only scanty data is available regarding the endemic legumes of India. This book presents the palynological details of 60 Indian endemic legumes so far unknown to science and their role in taxonomic considerations, which may help to improve our knowledge in these areas and to take right decisions whenever taxonomic problems are encountered related to these plants. Each taxon is provided with updated nomenclature, brief description of the plant including pollen morphology, details of habitat, phenology and distribution. Photographs, illustration and distribution map of each species is also provided.