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Violent and Antisocial Behaviour at Football Matches in the Middle East and North Africa
註釋The objective of this case study is to gather and critically assess the evidence on violent and antisocial behaviour at football events (also referred to as football violence) in the MENA region, as well as strategies to prevent and reduce the occurrence of these behaviours. In the context of this study, we refer to any type of violent and antisocial behaviour associated with football events in the MENA region, including both verbal and physical aggression, and acts of violence involving players and referees as well as spectators. The review focuses on all football events, including professional, non-professional, domestic and international fixtures.