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註釋Biomedical sample management plays a central role in an efficient healthcare system and requires important resources. This article describes and models the challenging context of biomedical sample transportation in the Canadian province of Quebec as a variant of the multi-trip vehicle routing problem with time windows. In this case, several routes need to be planned from a laboratory to satisfy the multiple pick-up requests of each sample collection center (SCC) under some practical constraints. We propose two alternative mathematical formulations as well as fast heuristics to minimize total transportation distances. The performance of the proposed methods is assessed over a large case study based on the network of laboratories in the province of Quebec. Results helped Quebec's Ministry of Health and Social Services to increase its service quality and to reduce its transportation costs.--Résumé de l'éditeur.