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How Much Do Norms Matter for Quantity and Quality of Children?

Zainab Iftikhar

出版	Centre for Economic Policy Research, 2021
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=1zyhzgEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

This paper quantifies the effect of social norms on fertility and children's education in Pakistan using a quantity-quality trade-off model augmented with the role of norms. The structural parameters of the theoretical model are estimated using stylized facts from an auxiliary econometric model. Quantitative analyses show that norms explain 49% of the variation in fertility and 31% of the variation in investment in the education of children among the households that differ in the mother's educational background and social class. The influence of norms is the weakest in households where women have tertiary education. The policies that provide economic incentives to encourage the education of children and control the population growth are less effective in the presence of norms. The cost of these policies is substantially lower when households are unaffected by norms, and the decline in cost varies with the education of the mothers in the target households.