This book is a compilation of papers I have written regarding the study of the Universe. The main objective of this book is to introduce the concept of the Gravitational Structural Length. This represents the bending of space caused by a given mass. This concept is important because it builds on the theories of past astronomers and physicists such as Galileo and Sir Isaac Newton. It can be used as a shortcut and cuts down on the amount of time needed to solve problems. It is also very accurate, sometimes more accurate than the constants used by past scholars. Other scholars of Astronomy can use this material as a research tool.