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Towards a New Approach for Evaluating Fire Blocking Barrier Fabrics

Shaun Flynn

出版	U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2013
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=5-5OmwEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

The objective of this study was to provide guidelines to quantify heat transfer characteristics of fire blocking barrier fabrics (BF) used in soft furnishings. Fundamental BF properties that influence the heat transfer characteristics as it relates to thermal protection of cushioning components in upholstered products are discussed. This is important to enable a priori selection of BFs such that a final upholstered product complies with full-scale, open-flame flammability regulations. The report provides a brief review of existing test methods which generally use char length and/or mass loss as "pass/fail" criteria for assessing performance of BFs to be used in finished products. Generally, in these test methods, BFs are tested in mock-up configuration as opposed to individual components as considered in this study. Basic heat transfer measurements are used to determine effectiveness of materials to be used as BFs. The document includes descriptions of flammability test methods used to characterize the ignitability, heat release rate, and heat transfer properties of BFs. Selected BFs have been examined for the aforementioned properties, and results are discussed. A new bench-scale composite test method is also described to assess qualitative performance of BFs. When tested for heat transfer characteristics, the area density and thickness of BFs show strong influence. However, when tested as a composite in a mock-up assembly, the BFs considered in this study showed a clear distinction between active and passive BFs. In the case of chemically active BFs, the construction parameters and material properties such as thickness, air permeability, and heat transfer were of little significance. In the case of passive BFs, however, these parameters became decisive. Results from this study suggest that if the BF is not an active fire barrier, then the amount of heat transferred through BF is critical, i.e., the material should be thermally thick to protect the underlying cushioning layers. This document is intended to be a technical resource that provides a holistic approach to quantify the fire performance properties of BFs used in soft furnishings. As such, it does not provide a minimum standard for barrier materials.