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The Medical Research Novel in English and German, 1900-1950
註釋There have been literary portraits of the doctor for many hundreds of years, but the doctor as the main character of a novel is largely a phenomenon of the 1900s. Noting the great popularity of the doctor novel and its contribution to literature, the author of this study characterizes and examines a significant subtype, the medical research novel. Quite naturally, this study focuses on the protagonist of this literary species. The doctor or medical student with a mission to find answers to underlying medical questions or a burden to discover a way to alleviate pain or cure a specific disease by means of original research is a character worth studying on several levels. He or she has not only special qualities but also special needs and conflicts. The medical research novel explores what motivates and sustains this unusual type of person, and in particular it shows how becoming immersed in research can influence a doctor's 1) attitudes toward medicine and science, 2) self-image and attitude toward life and success, 3) physical and mental health, 4) close relationships with other people, 5) attitudes toward recreation, culture, and societal concerns, and 6) beliefs about nature, fate, and God. Through close examination of seven novels and citations from eleven others, the author illustrates how this subtype of literature deals with basic psychological, moral, and metaphysical questions as well as medical and scientific ones. The works' insights and broad implications, in addition to their depictions of exemplary medical scientists, make them valuable studies in character and culture.