This rigorously researched study sheds new light on the religious structures and rituals of the Italic tribes from 400 to 100 BC. Citing literary, epigraphic, and archaeological evidence from central and southern Italy, including a case study on the Samnite Temple of San Giovanni in Galdo, the author investigates the fluctuating function of these cult places in and among the non-Roman Italic communities, before and after the establishment of Roman rule.