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註釋The present issue of “La Rivista di Engramma” originates from a group of seminars focused on the bunker, in its manifold meanings. The title “bḁ′ṅkë / bùṅkër” –phonetic transcription of the two main pronunciations of the term– summarizes this multiplicity: in the first, the meanings of container and refuge coexist, in the second, the images and history of the war artefact are concentrated. The polarity of the adjectives through which it is possible to describe it - offensive / defensive, evident/hidden, inverted / everted, hypogeum / epigeal, punctual/continuous, decontextualized / part of the context, uprooted / rhizomatic, intimidating / protective, threatening / safe, functional / symbolic, form / absence of form, materiality / virtuality - together with the impossibility of identifying precise characteristics - perhaps the building material alone is what unites the bunkers - leads to consider it as a fleeting, fluid concept. Having Paul Virilio and his Bunker archéologie as starting point (Michela Maguolo, Decriptare il bunker. La mostra “Bunker archéologie” di Paul Virilio; the Italian translation of a selection of passages from Bunker archéologie), the issue is divided into four sections: Antiquity and Contemporaneity (Maddalena Bassani Bunker ante-litteram. Architetture domestiche in sottosuolo di epoca romana; Maria Stella Bottai, Antonella Sbrilli, Pensare nel bunker. Tre domande a Lara Favaretto sui Clandestine Talks), a review by Daniela Ruggeri Voci dall’isolamento. Il libro Bunkering di Jeanette Plaut, Marcelo Sarovic, Marés Sander, Santiago 2021 closes the section; Architecture (Guido Morpurgo, Dall’astuccio al bunker. L’interno-sarcofago come controforma della macchina-sottomarino: cosa contiene cosa?; Andrea Iorio, Une machine à émouvoir. Bunker e\è architettura; Fernanda De Maio, (In)attualità e (a)temporalità del bunker. L‘opera di Bernard Khoury a Beirut); City (Christian Toson, Memorie dal sottosuolo mosacovita. Il più grande bunker del mondo; Giacomo Calandra di Roccolino, Il bunker urbano. Tipologia, simbologia, riuso dei bunker in Germania); Landscape (Elisabetta Terragni, Albania hunkering down. All alone in the Cold War; Livio Petriccione, Opere della Fortificazione permanente della frontiera orientale. Architetture, tecniche costruttive e prospettive di recupero; Antonella Indrigo, Dentro la terra. Il Vallo alpino del Littorio in Friuli).