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The Distinctive Nature of the Gift of Understanding

其他書名	According to the Mind of St. Thomas Aquinas an Analytical Study of Question 8 of the IIa IIae
出版	Dominican House of Studies, 1940
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=AZUrswEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋"The seven gifts enumerated by Isasias are distinguished, in the opinion of St. Thomas, among themselves according to the powers of man which they perfect. Four gifts are seated in reason, wisdom, understanding, knowledge and counsel, and the remaining three in the will, fortitude, piety and fear of the Lord. To further distinguish the intellectual gifts St. Thomas encountered some little difficulty. In his first attempt, he uses as his norms the distinction of the speculative and practical reason, and the difference between the two acts of the intellect, apprehension and judgment. Within this frame he places understanding as the speculative apprehension, wisdom as the speculative judgment, knowledge in the practical judgment and counsel in the practical apprehension of truth. Further thought led him to modify, not the distinction of the gifts, but the basis for it, so that when he comes to the discussion of the gifts in particular, we find he has enlarged the office of the gifts without confusing the particular operation of each. "He wishes understanding to be penetrative of all, wisdom the judge of all through the very highest cause, knowledge likewise the judge through created or proper causes, and counsel likewise applicative of all to work; and follow this", says Cajetan, "because it is or a more divine ingenuity." Ingenious though it may be to Cajetan, it does not at first glance offer a clear statement of the distinct office of each of the various gifts. Only by a careful scrutiny of St. Thomas will some light be shed on the difficulties. This paper proposes to establish the distinctive nature of the gift of understanding according to the mind of St. Thomas."--