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Chapter 29. HyperAcute Vaccines: A Novel Cancer Immunotherapy
出版Elsevier Inc. Chapters, 2013-06-04
主題Medical / ImmunologyMedical / Oncology / GeneralScience / Life Sciences / BiologyScience / Life Sciences / Cell Biology
ISBN01280592579780128059258
URLhttp://books.google.com.hk/books?id=Ayh3DAAAQBAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
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註釋The hyperacute rejection of a xenotransplant is characterized by a complement-antibody mediated immune response dependent on αGal epitopes. Animal studies confirm that αGal epitopes expressed on allogeneic tumor vaccines elicit a potent T-cell-dependent antitumor immunity. Based on these immunologic reactions, we hypothesized that the hyperacute rejection mechanism could be exploited to alter antigen processing resulting in a novel therapeutic approach to treat human malignancies. Clinical trials data confirm that an immediate hypersensitivity response directed toward a vaccine composed of genetically modified allogeneic tumor cells expressing the xenoantigen αGal (HyperAcute vaccines) constitutes a polyvalent tumor cell vaccine with signs of clinical efficacy, concomitant to eliciting both a humoral IgG response as well as T-cell-mediated antitumor immunity. This conceptually innovative immunotherapy degrades tumoral immune escape and portends a promising genetic engineering tactic for the cost-effective development of a generally applicable human cancer vaccine principle with minimal toxicity. Encouraging results support additional clinical immunotherapy studies using HyperAcute vaccines.