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SHADOW ECONOMIES AROUND THE WORLD
LEANDRO; SCHNEIDER MEDINA (FRIEDRIC.)
其他書名
What Did We Learn Over the Last 20 Years?.
出版International Monetary Fund
ISBN14843392159781484339213
URLhttp://books.google.com.hk/books?id=GIbktwEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
註釋We undertake an extended discussion of the latest developments about the existing and new estimation methods of the shadow economy. New results on the shadow economy for 158 countries all over the world are presented over 1991 to 2015. Strengths and weaknesses of these methods are assessed and a critical comparison and evaluation of the methods is carried out. The average size of the shadow economy of the 158 countries over 1991 to 2015 is 31.9 percent. The largest ones are Zimbabwe with 60.6 percent, and Bolivia with 62.3 percent of GDP. The lowest ones are Austria with 8.9 percent, and Switz.