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其他書名
Comparative Case Study Report : Report
出版European Agency for Safety and Health at Work, 2023
ISBN92940201939789294020192
URLhttp://books.google.com.hk/books?id=Gqg40AEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
註釋Automating tasks through technological advancements has been an ongoing process in many industries. This development can also significantly impact occupational safety and health (OSH) in a work environment. It allows removing workers from hazardous situations and improving the quality of work. This can be accomplished by automating repetitive and strenuous physical tasks with accurate and tireless machines like intelligent and artificial intelligence (AI)-based robotic systems or by automating cognitively strenuous tasks through AI-based information and communication technologies (ICT). Some tasks might not be fully automated, but workers can still receive support through, for example, cobots, which are collaborative robots operating in a shared space with workers. An increasing number of companies employ AI and/or advanced robotics. Although still in their infancy in terms of deployment, AI-based systems for the automation of both cognitive and physical tasks, as well as intelligent cobots, show promise in a variety of sectors. However, more information is needed about how they are implemented and managed in the workplace to help ensure their safe and healthy implementation in present, as well as in future, applications. The European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA) has developed a number of case studies with the aim to investigate the practical implementation of AI-based systems for the automation of physical and cognitive tasks and of intelligent cobots in the workplace, their impact on workers, how OSH is managed in relation to such systems, and to gain a better understanding of the drivers, barriers and success factors for the safe and healthy implementation of these systems. To identify those case studies, several key informants at the EU and international levels, such as workers' representatives and industry associations representing the targeted sectors, were consulted. This consultation and interviews will involved stakeholders resulted in 11 case studies (ID1-ID11) that were fully developed and another 5 shorter case studies (ID12-ID16), that include only basic information, focusing on workplaces that are actually using these technologies. This comparative report is based on these 11 case studies (ID1-ID11) and includes short descriptions and categorisations of each case study. Furthermore, it contains a detailed analysis of the systems' impact on the workers, work environments and tasks. Based on the case studies, there is an overview of all identified opportunities and challenges associated with the named technologies. The findings of the case studies are also contextualised with the results of the preceding literature analysis included in EU-OSHA's publications on advanced robotics and AI based systems for the automation of tasks, with a focus on where practical experience might deviate from current research trends.