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其他書名
Recent Developments in Zimbabwe
出版Technology Advisory Group, World Bank, 1982
主題Technology & Engineering / Environmental / GeneralTechnology & Engineering / Environmental / Waste Management
ISBN08213007849780821300787
URLhttp://books.google.com.hk/books?id=K5sYSwAACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
註釋This paper describes recent developments in Zimbabwe in the design of ventilated improved pit (VIP) latrines. Two basic designs are presented, one suitable for peri-urban areas and the other for rural areas. The peri-urban VIP latrine consists of a circular pit fully or partially lined with cement mortar and with, at its top, a brick collar which is supported by a thick concrete slab precast on site. A high spiral shaped superstructure is constructed on the cover slab in ferrocement or brick and a flat roof slab placed on top. An asbestos cement or polyvinyl chloride vent pipe with a fly screen at its top is then erected immediately adjacent to the outside of the superstructure. The rural VIP latrine consists of a rectangular pit over which are placed longitudinal and transverse wooden logs of around 100 mm diameter which are then covered with anthill soil and a thin layer of cement mortar. A spiral superstructure is then built in mud and wattle, thatch, soil or local bricks and covered with a conically shaped thatched roof. The vent pipe is made from local reeds, fitted with a fly screen and rendered with cement mortar. Both the peri-urban and rural VIP latrine designs have been found to be socially acceptable in Zimbabwe and very effective in eliminating odors.