With over 5,000 entries, this book provides information on the men and women who played a significant role in British India from 1583 to 1947. In addition to military and governmental leaders, the book includes entries on leaders in business, the church and missions, art and literature, and science and medicine. An effort has also been made to include the women who played an important role in India.

The only other reference work on the subject, Buckland's Dictionary of Indian Biography, was published in 1906. This book updates that work, covering the last 40 years of the British Raj, and provides more balanced coverage of types of leaders.