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註釋Abstract: A comprehensive summary of scientific knowledge concerning the physiological process of lactation is presented. Part I examines general aspects of mammary gland development, structure, function, and involution, as well as neuroendocrine control of lactation. Part II considers the morphological, biochemical, and hormonal changes accompanying human lactation and breastfeeding. The function of primate lactogenic hormones and the immunological role of leukocytes in mammary secretions are discussed. The relationship between lactation and breast cancer is also described. Part III reviews mechanisms of milk synthesis. Specific topics include lactose, milk protein, and phospholipid biosynthesis; composition and function of endomembranes in milk formation; ion, water, and calcium transport; mammary cell mitochondria; and nucleotides of mammary secretions.