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註釋The objectives of this report are to provide a portrait of urban poverty in Canada at the local level and to explore local factors that contribute to variations in poverty levels in different urban areas. Poverty is defined, for the purposes of the report, using Statistics Canada's before-tax Low Income Cut-offs. The main data sources used are custom tabulations of the 1991 & 1996 Censuses. Chapter 1 compares poverty rates at the metropolitan level to national, provincial, & city rates. It also identifies high poverty neighbourhoods and determines their characteristics. Chapter 2 examines who is living in poverty in Canadian cities, with information on poverty rates by age, gender, household type, and population group. Chapter 3 delves into the relationships between education & poverty and between employment & poverty in different cities. Chapter 4 explores income levels from earnings & government transfers, and compares income profiles of poor households with those of all households. This chapter also looks at the poverty gap, the extent of market poverty, and the distribution of incomes in each city. Chapter 5 explores the relationship between poverty rate and population composition using two statistical techniques. The final chapter reviews the important findings of the report and discusses indicators of trends in city poverty rates. Areas of further research are also suggested. Appendices include data tables and a glossary.