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Laboratory for Nuclear Science - High Energy Physics Program

出版	United States. Department of Energy. High Energy Physics Division, 2014
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=RrhZAQAACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋High energy and nuclear physics research at MIT is conducted within the Laboratory for Nuclear Science (LNS). Almost half of the faculty in the MIT Physics Department carry out research in LNS at the theoretical and experimental frontiers of subatomic physics. Since 2004, the U.S. Department of Energy has funded the high energy physics research program through grant DE-FG02-05ER41360 (other grants and cooperative agreements provided decades of support prior to 2004). The Director of LNS serves as PI. The grant supports the research of four groups within LNS as "tasks" within the umbrella grant. Brief descriptions of each group are given here. A more detailed report from each task follows in later sections. Although grant DE-FG02-05ER41360 has ended, DOE continues to fund LNS high energy physics research through five separate grants (a research grant for each of the four groups, as well as a grant for AMS Operations). We are pleased to continue this longstanding partnership. Task A: Particle Physics Collaboration The Particle Physics Collaboration (PPC) works on the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS) experiment at CERN. The PPC was one of the leading university groups in the Higgs Discovery announced on July 4, 2012. With the Higgs discovered, the group's focus has shifted to understanding the new particle in detail. The group is commencing work on the search for Dark Matter, beginning with looking for decays of the Higgs to dark matter candidates, focusing on missing transverse energy signatures, consistent with particles escaping from the collisions undetected. The group also runs the data acquisition project, maintains and operates a Tier-2 computing and analysis center at MIT, and has recently started a significant CMS Hadron Calorimeter upgrade effort. Task C: Center for Theoretical Physics Task C supports particle theory research in the Center for Theoretical Physics (CTP) in LNS. The CTP is a unified research and teaching center focused on the study of fundamental physics. The group strives to maintain a level of activity across a broad range of topics, motivated by the belief that each area of theoretical physics is nourished synergistically by the ideas and techniques of the other areas. The activities of the group range from string theory and cosmology at the highest energies, down through unification and extra-dimensional gravity, through the standard model and QCD, and finally, at the lowest energies, to hadrons, quark matter, and nuclei. In addition, some CTP faculty have been pursuing the application of string theory techniques to condensed matter physics. There is also a contingent working in quantum computation, supported by non- DOE grants. Task D: Electromagnetic Interactions Group The Electromagnetic Interactions Group (EMI) leads the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) experiment, a 16-nation collaboration. The experiment objectives include the precision search for dark matter, antimatter and cosmic rays, and to explore the universe for new phenomena. In the first two and a half years of deployment on the International Space Station, the AMS experiment has performed flawlessly and more than 50 billion cosmic ray events have been detected. The EMI group coordinates and leads the entire AMS analysis effort on a wide range of physics topics. The first paper reporting AMS data on the precision measurement of the positron fraction was published in 2013. The EMI group also has primary responsibility for operation of the AMS, including detector monitoring and thermal control. Note that the new grant for this Task began November 1, 2013, so the reporting period for Task D is 11/1/10 - 10/31/13. Task F: Lepton Quark Studies Group The Lepton Quark Studies Group (LQS) is engaged in development of the directional dark matter detector DMTPC, as well as design and construction of a new experiment called DarkLight to search for 10-100 MeV bosons using the Jefferson Lab Free Electron Laser. Three generations of DMTPC have been bui ...