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註釋In the social sciences, models are most often viewed as a simplified representation of reality. This is indeed a "simplified" definition of what a model is. In fact, models are far more than a mere simplification. Models are conceptual representations. In a 1959 article, May Brodbeck, a chemist and philosopher at the University of Minnesota, suggests that "the term 'model' appears with increasing frequency in recent social-science literature The term has a decided halo effect. Models are Good Things" (p. 373). Today, model is a keyword in the social sciences. The use of the concept has increased since the 1970s: in economics, management, political science, public policy, psychology, and sociology. Early uses of the concept go back to the 1950s when the concept ...