註釋 The purpose of this US study was to better understand the reasons why Families First participants chose not to participate in such programs as adult education, programs with the potential to help participants improve their basic skills and increase their options for employment training and career development. Understanding non-participation could help in developing a practical theory based on the participants' perspectives and could assist program administrators and policy makers in aligning programs and services to give Families First participants the greatest probability for success. Table of contents: * Introduction * Methodology * Aspirations and goals verses the environmental constraints of poverty (a better life for my children, educational attainment, getting a good paying job, environmental constraints of poverty) * Facilitators and deterrents that influence participation (personal factors - self esteem, attitudes, sense of self, self-belief, health, relational factors - putting children first, family support, friends, peer relationships, relationships with teachers and staff, institutional factors - Department of Human Services DHS and adult education services and methods, employment priorities) * Discussion * Implications for DHS policy. 