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註釋How much more security is being generated by the NATO/EU capability initiatives and what new formulas can produce greater output? Although the EU has become a net exporter of security and its members have a potentially wide security palette at their disposal, coordination and cooperation is at best embryonic, and often merely symbolic. This paper assesses the substance of military and civilian capability initiatives by both NATO and the EU, the development of EU instruments and capabilities, the prospects for a strategic EU-US partnership, and identifies the major challenges and opportunities in increasing European capabilities for conflict prevention and crisis management. The paper argues that the main opportunities for increasing European capabilities lie in expanding national and functional coordination and cooperation within Europe, enhancing the EU's strategic decision-making capabilities, developing the spectrum of European civilian and military crisis-management capabilities, and establishing new pragmatic cooperation mechanisms between the EU and NATO.