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Mesoscale Feedback from the Ocean to the Atmosphere in Coastal and Oceanic Frontal Regions

Taivo LaevastuGlenn Dale HamiltonGlenn D. Hamilton

出版	Environmental Prediction Research Facility, Naval Postgraduate School, 1974
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=WEtbW-xb-hwC&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋The most intensive interaction between the sea and the atmosphere occurs in the areas of strong thermal gradients such as coastal regions and oceanic frontal areas. This interaction is essentially a mesoscale process. A brief review of some feedback models is presented and the essential factors in the feedback processes are outlined. The most important aspect in mesoscale feedback seems to be the speed of response of the surface air properties to the corresponding properties of the sea surface. Theoretical formulations to account for this response are presented., The response time is found to be about 5 hours. The verification of the theory is carried out with special measurements and recordings off the coast of California as well as with ship observations in the Labrador Current-Gulf Stream boundary area near Newfoundland. Off California and elsewhere along the continents, the "range of coastal influence" can be determined from the variation of the differences between the properties of the sea and air. The range of coastal influence is also demarcated with a coastal front 10 to 50 n mi from the coast. Often there is a marked change of surface winds at the coastal fronts. In the Labrador Current-Gulf Stream frontal area, some of the frontal influence on surface winds can be traced even with relatively sparce ship observations. Finally, some suggestions are made for more accurate accounting of the sea-air interactions in numerical models.