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The Mycobiome of E-Cigarette Devices

其他書名	A Reservoir for Plastic-loving Fungal Pathogens
出版	University of Florida, 2023
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=Wi0V0AEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋Previous research concerning e-cigarettes has focused on lung injury caused by inhalation of aerosols, impact on expression levels of innate immunity, and toxicity from e-liquid byproducts. Given the enclosed design of the mouthpiece and alternating temperature cycles to act as a conducive growth chamber, the potential for fungal pathogen colonization may affect user health in a novel way that has yet to be explored. In this study, a combination of culture-based and Illumina sequencing methods was used to examine fungal pathogen presence by sampling the interior of e-cigarette mouthpieces used by 25 adult individuals in Gainesville, Florida. Sanger sequencing (ITS1 of the rDNA) confirmed the presence of several pathogens, the most prevalent being Cystobasidium minutum (previously Rhodotorula minuta), an emerging opportunistic fungal pathogen. At least eight additional fungal pathogens were detected with Illumina sequencing of the ITS1 amplicon. Many of these pathogens are known to be ubiquitous in the environment, likely finding a niche in the favorable conditions of the e-cigarette mouthpiece. Additionally, the potential for lung injury was tested in vivo using wild type mice models (C57BL/6J), resulting in goblet cell hyperplasia, a feature characteristic of chronic bronchitis. This study is the first to explore the association between infectious fungal microbes and e-cigarette mouthpieces and highlights the need for further examination into the possible role microbe