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Identification and Validation of New Anthropometric Techniques for Quantifying Body Composition

出版	U.S. Army Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center, 1986
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=XcCnNwAACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋This study validates estimates of body composition from bioelectrical impedance (RJL Model BIA-101) against corresponding estimates of body composition from densitometry in a sample of 177 young men and women, of whom 14% were black. Also, comparisons are made between measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue thickness using a portable ultrasound machine (EchoScan 1502) and Lange skinfold calipers in the same sample. In separate samples, measures of machine reliability were conducted between pairs of impedance machines and between pairs of ultrasound machines. In addition, tests were made of the possible effects of physiological noise factors on measures of impedance. Bioelectric impedance is highly reliable as are measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue with Lange skinfold calipers. Ultrasonic measures of subcutaneous adipose tissue are not reliable and do not improve predictions of body composition over that of corresponding skinfold measurements. Bioelectric impedance is not affected by physiological factors such as diet, time of day, exercise of the menstrual cycle. However, in those women who do not participate in some form of regular exercise, predictions of body composition from Stature/Resistance plus anthropometry do differ significantly from those of women who do exercise regularly. The addition of bioelectric impedance does improve the predictions of body composition from anthropometry alone compared to corresponding estimates from densitometry. Keywords: Total Body Fat; Percent Body Fat; Lean Body Mass; Ultrasound; Quantification.