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The Measurement of Organizational Commitment
註釋This paper summarizes a stream of research aimed at developing and validating a measure of employee commitment to work organizations. The instrument, developed by Porter, is called the Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ). Based on a series of studies among 2,563 employees in nine divergent organizations, cross-validated evidence of predictive, convergent, and discriminant validity emerged for the instrument. Moreover, satisfactory test-retest reliabilities and internal consistency reliabilities were found. Norms for males and females are presented based on the available sample. Possible instrument limitations and future research needs on the topic are reviewed. (Author).