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District-heating in Po Valley Using Deep Geothermal Fluids

L. BaulinoMassimiliano GuglielminettiC. Sommaruga

出版	Geothermal Resources Department, AGIP, 1980
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=ZNYrtAEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

In Italy, as far back as Roman times and more so in early 19th century, the underground heat was used for thermal domestic, industrial and agrozootechnic heating purposes: nowadays energy requirements met in this way represent over 200 000 tons equivalent petroleum (tep) per year. With the addition of 600 000 tep of electric power produced from Tuscany steam fields, thanks to geothermal resources our country meets nearly 0.6% of its total energy requirements, thus saving yearly roughly 800 000 tep of imported fuel and foreign currency for about 160 billion lire. In 1979 energy consumption for domestic heating amounted to 25 million tep and heating of household and sanitary water required 3 million tep. Furthermore, low (up to 100°C) or medium (100°C to 250°C) temperature processing heat would, according to ENI estimates, updated by CESEN (Centro Studi di Energia), require 12 million tep/year. Including the low temperature energy requirements for agricultural uses (roughly 1 million tep), the total consumption of low and medium temperature energy reaches 41 million tep equivalent to approx. 8 000 billion lire of imported crude oil.