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Flexibility, Enhanced Cooperation and the Treaty of Amsterdam

Kerstin Junge

出版	Kogan Page, 1999
主題	Business & Economics / International / Economics & TradeLaw / InternationalPolitical Science / International Relations / Trade & Tariffs
ISBN	07494302309780749430238
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=aoUVAQAAIAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

This text asks whether the "flexibility clause" in the Treaty of Amsterdam is sufficient to deal with the complexity of the European Union into the 21st century. The confusion of a "multi-speed Europe" and problems of enlargement of the Union are also examined. The Treaty of Rome talked of "ever closer union", and it was always assumed that all member states would move forward together in each stage of European integration. However, following "opt-outs" in the Maastricht Treaty and further enlargement, it has seemed increasingly likely that the European Union will become less uniform in future. This text explores discussion about the forms that it might take. The author shows that there has been a great deal of confusion in the usage of concepts such as a "multi-speed Europe" and "a Europe of variable geometry", which the Treaty of Amsterdam has done little to allay. After elucidating the various models of integration implied by the different terms, Junge examines the problems that will be encountered with enlargement and asks whether the "flexibility clause" will be sufficient to deal with the complexity of the European Union in the 21st Century.