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註釋President Clinton issued Presidential Decision Directive-39 (PDD 39) in June 1995 establishing the U.S. Policy on Counter-Terrorism that identified for the first time the use of biological weapons as Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). The United States shall give the highest priority to developing effective capabilities to detect, prevent, defeat and manage the consequences of Nuclear, Biological, and Chemical (NBC) materials or weapons use by terrorist. This study will discuss anthrax as a Weapon of Mass Destruction in the historical context of biological weapons. It evaluates the mandatory Anthrax Vaccine Immunization Program (AVIP), discusses the disease manifestations of Anthrax, describes Crisis Management and Consequence Management Operations, and reviews the Federal and State Response Plans to WMD. It concludes with recommendations on how the United States can mitigate the effects of anthrax as a Weapon of Mass Destruction.