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Measuring the Willingness to Pay for Social Services in Developing Countries

Paul GertlerJ. van der Gaag

出版	World Bank, 1988
主題	Medical / Health Risk AssessmentMedical / Public HealthMedical / Practice Management & ReimbursementPolitical Science / Public Policy / Social Services & Welfare
ISBN	08213104969780821310496
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=dUMgAQAAIAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

This paper provides a methodology for the ex ante evaluation of the welfare effects of proposals to use user fees to finance improved access to social services in developing countries. The analysis requires estimation of demand functions, from which price elasticities and the willingness to pay for improved access can be obtained. The willingness to pay is the maximum price that can be charged without reducing individuals' welfare and utilization of medical services. The estimation is complicated by the problem that governments in developing countries often are the dominant suppliers of social services in their countries, and provide these services free of charge so that there is little price variation in the data. It is shown how variation in individuals' private time prices can be used to identify all of the parameters of the demand function. The methodology is used to evaluate the possible implementation of the user fee plan for medical health clinics in rural Cote d'Ivoire. The results show that it is likely to have regressive welfare effects. Specifically, the policy is shown to increase the welfare and medical care utilization of individuals in the top half of the income distribution, while reducing the health and medical care utilization of individuals in the bottom.