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An Assessment of Environmental Flow Requirements of Indian River Basins

V. Y. Smakhtin

出版	IWMI, 2006-01-01
ISBN	92909064999789290906490
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=ddzMBAAAQBAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
EBook	SAMPLE

註釋

The primary purpose of this report is to stimulate the debate about environmental water allocations in India, where this concept is only beginning to receive attention and recognition. It is a component of a larger research project which aims to assess multiple aspects of India’sNational River Linking Project and water future in general. The report first examines the emerging trends in environmental flow work in India and reviews desktop methods of environmental flow assessment, developed and used for preliminary planning purposes elsewhere. This allows common features of these methods to be identified and an alternative rapid assessment method to be formulated. The method takes into account the limitations of available hydrological and ecological information in India at present, but ensures that elements of natural flow variability are preserved in the estimated environmental flow time series, as required by the contemporary hydro-ecological theory. The method is based on the use of a flow duration curve – a cumulative distribution function of monthly flow time series. The curve is calculated for several categories of aquatic ecosystem protection, from ‘largely natural’ to ‘severely modified’, and the required environmental flow volume and elements of flow variability are set to progressively reduce with thedecreasing level of ecosystem protection. It is further illustrated how each estimated environmental flow duration curve can be converted into a continuous monthly time series of environmental flows using a simple spatial interpolation procedure.