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Rough Wall Turbulent Boundary Layers
註釋The paper describes a detailed experimental study of turbulent boundary layer development over rough walls in both zero and adverse pressure gradients. Skin friction was determined by pressure tapping the roughness elements and measuring their form drag. Two wall roughness geometries were chosen each giving a different law of behaviour. However, it has been found that results for both types of roughness correlate with a Reynolds number based on wall shear velocity and on the distance below the crests of the elements from which the logarithmic distribution of velocity is measured. One important implication of this is that a zero pressure gradient boundary layer with a cavity type rough wall conforms to Rotta's condition of precise self preserving flow. (Author).