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Can an Education Program Be a Substitute for a Regulatory Program that Bans Pesticides? Evidence from a Panel Selection Model

Rachael E. GoodhueKaren KlonskySandeep Mohapatra

出版	SSRN, 2020
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=f2HazwEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

Governments, nonprofit organizations, and grower groups have expended considerable resources on agricultural extension and education programs, even though the evidence regarding the impact of these programs on farmers' technology choices and productivity is mixed. Many of the studies finding substantial effects have methodological problems. We control for these methodological problems by using a panel selection model to examine the effect of the Biologically Integrated Orchard Systems program on California almond growers' replacement of organophosphate pesticides with alternatives considered less environmentally harmful. We find that the program significantly decreased organophosphate use, suggesting that grower education programs can be an effective policy tool.