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註釋The director, painter and set designer Wieland Wagner (1917-66) influenced an entire era in the history of the Bayreuth Festival, spearheading the renaissance of his grandfather, Richard Wagner. When Wagner assumed responsibility for the art direction in 1951 (along with his brother), he led the festival out of its ideology-laden tradition and toward a complete reorientation. Wieland Wagner's production of Parsifal for the first postwar festival in 1951 made music history, and remained in the event's repertoire until 1973; his set designs and his collaborations with singers were likewise exceptional and exemplary. This monumental volume is now published on the occasion of Wagner's 100th birthday. It critically reviews the work of one of the greatest reformers of the opera stage in the 20th century and presents new perspectives for opera as a synthesis of the arts in the 21st century.