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The PACE+ School Study

其他書名	Evaluation of the Efficacy of Promoting Change in a Single Versus Multiple Health Behaviors
出版	University of California, San Diego and San Diego Sate University, 2002
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=hc8_NMX_6M8C&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋Interventions that target multiple health behaviors for change have the potential to offer greater health benefits, more adequately address participants' behavioral profiles, and maximize health promotion opportunities. The added demand placed on individuals, however, may be overwhelming. The impact of targeting multiple behaviors concurrently, as opposed to one individually has not been investigated. The current study evaluated the efficacy of a computer-based physical activity only or a combined physical activity and nutrition intervention with adolescents. The PACE+ program assessed adolescents' physical activity and dietary behaviors, provided tailored feedback, and was used to create individualized behavior change plans with identified settings for change, sources of social support, and relevant benefits of and barriers to change. Subjects (N = 138, age M = 12, 65% female, 28% Caucasian) were recruited from a middle school in San Diego and randomly assigned to the multibehavioral or single behavior intervention or the control condition. All conditions involved working on the computer. Primary outcomes were 5-day accelerometer and 3-day dietary record data. Assessments were made at baseline and 3-months follow-up. Behavior change was examined overall in a combined index and for the behaviors individually. The single behavior intervention exhibited greater overall change than the control condition (p = .011) and multibehavioral intervention (p = .091). Effect sizes were in the moderate range (d = 0.34 to 0.58). Repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests revealed a significant treatment effect for physical activity among boys but not girls. Boys in the intervention conditions increased or maintained their physical activity, while control subjects and girls in all conditions declined. Minimal change was achieved for fruit and vegetable consumption. Theoretical mediators (decisional balance, self-efficacy, processes of change, peer support) predicted change in behavior, but effects were independent of the intervention. The findings suggest greater efficacy for interventions that target a single behavior for change.