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Imms' General Textbook of Entomology
註釋The insects are tracheate arthropods in which the body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen. A sigle pair of antennae (homologous with the antenules of the Crustacea) is present and the head also bears a pair of mandibles and two pairs od maxillae, the second pair fused medially to form the labium. The torax carries three pairs of legs and usually one or two pairs of wings. The abdomen is devoid of ambulatory appendages, and the genital opening is situated near the posterior end of the body. Postembryonic development is rarely direct and a metamorphosis usually occurs.