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Neoliberal Political Economy of Development in India

其他書名	The Impact of New Economic Reforms on Tribals in Kalahandi Orissa
出版	University of Sussex, 2009
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=jumA0AEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋This thesis examines the social, economic and cultural impact of the new economic reforms on the tribal communities in the Kalahandi district of Orissa. It explores the causes and consequences of capitalist transformation in the tribal economy, culture and society during 1991 and after the economic reform process. The consideration of a mon; coordinated impact study on social, economic and cultural transition of tribals contributes to an understanding of the development process and economic policies that has led to the negative consequences on tribal's economic, cultural, social and political lives . While doing so I argue that the fall out of the new economic refom1s led tribal development policies has helped the Hindu right wing forces to grow in the tribal areas. This has accelerated and deepened the capitalist process of accumulation in the Kalahandi district of Orissa. The theoretical and methodological shift in the debates on tribal development in Kalahandi among development policy makers, cultural anthropologists, and neoliberal economists, cultural and political debates of civil society during the recent years reflects a more general and conflicting account of transition in tribal societies as if it is a product of inner necessities of tribal communities. Such an analysis is insufficient to understand the impact of state led economic reform programmes that marginalize tribals while formulating development policies. Instead of following the idea of cumulative causation, this thesis examines the causal relationship between the Hindu right wing forces with national and global capital while analysing the conditions of social, cultural, economic and religious transition of the tribals in the Kalahandi district of Orissa. Many historians, political scientists, scholars, economists and activists argue that Hinduization of tribals by the Hindu right wing is a political process. My research here challenges such an assumption and argues that Hinduization of the tribals is an economic process to integrate them into the mainstream market as consumers and at the same time control the productive resources of the tribal areas by removing the constitutional protective measures for tribals. This is only possible by detribalizing the tribals. Thus, Hinduization is a potential process of detribalization that has economic outcomes that marginalizes tribals further in economic and cultural terms. In this way, the narrative of my research in the thesis is intended to challenge and contribute to the ongoing debates on state led tribal development policies. It develops a theoretical understanding by providing empirical evidence to link the growth of Hindu right wing forces with the help of neoliberal capitalist development and the Hinduization of tribals.