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Counterfactuals and Causal Inference
Stephen L. Morgan
Christopher Winship
其他書名
Methods and Principles for Social Research
出版
Cambridge University Press
, 2007-07-30
主題
Social Science / Methodology
Social Science / Sociology / General
Social Science / Research
Reference / Research
Mathematics / Probability & Statistics / General
ISBN
1139465902
9781139465908
URL
http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=lFTP49c5wJoC&hl=&source=gbs_api
EBook
SAMPLE
註釋
Did mandatory busing programs in the 1970s increase the school achievement of disadvantaged minority youth? Does obtaining a college degree increase an individual's labor market earnings? Did the use of the butterfly ballot in some Florida counties in the 2000 presidential election cost Al Gore votes? If so, was the number of miscast votes sufficiently large to have altered the election outcome? At their core, these types of questions are simple cause-and-effect questions. Simple cause-and-effect questions are the motivation for much empirical work in the social sciences. This book presents a model and set of methods for causal effect estimation that social scientists can use to address causal questions such as these. The essential features of the counterfactual model of causality for observational data analysis are presented with examples from sociology, political science, and economics.