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Comparitive Analysis of Hoffmann's and Golden Olive Woodpecker Behaviors Associated with Nest Predation by Emerald Toucanets

Heather C. Biga

出版	ACM Central American Field Program, 1992
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=m0k6OAAACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

The nesting biology of Golden Olive and Hoffmann's woodpeckers was studied in the montainous region of Monteverde, Costa Rica, during the spring of 1992. After observing extremely high rates of nest loss, due to predation by Emerald Toucanets, the project evolved into a comparitive study of the behaviors displayed by both woodpecker species before and after predation, as well as methods of defense. The Hoffmann's woodpecker aggressively defends its nest through vocalizations and diving at the predator. The Golden Olive woodpecker is passive in its defense, continuously trying to maintain its crypticness. Neither tactic insures nest success, which is documented by the tremendous nest loss experienced by both species throughout the study.