Title: Woman's work in United States of America
Edited/Added and Translated By: M. MeenachiSundaram
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PREFACE.. 5
Chapter I: INTRODUCTION. 16
Chapter II: THE EDUCATION OF WOMAN IN THE EASTERN STATES. 24
EVELYN COLLEGE. 88
COLUMBIA COLLEGE IN RELATION TO THE HIGHER EDUCATION OF WOMEN. 89
BARNARD COLLEGE. 93
VASSAR COLLEGE. 94
SMITH COLLEGE. 95
WELLESLEY COLLEGE. 97
CORNELL UNIVERSITY. 98
SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY. 100
BRYN MAWR COLLEGE. 101
SWARTHMORE COLLEGE. 103
UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA. 103
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY. 107
Chapter III: THE EDUCATION OF WOMAN IN THE WESTERN STATES. 110
CO-EDUCATION IN THE WEST. 127
OPENING WEDGES. 138
GENERAL ARGUMENT. 148
THE SOCIAL EFFECTS AND TENDENCIES OF CO-EDUCATION. 155
DEFECTS AND LIMITATIONS IN THE SYSTEM OF HIGHER EDUCATION FOR WOMEN IN THE WEST. 158
Chapter IV: THE EDUCATION OF WOMAN IN THE SOUTHERN STATES. 167
COLLEGIATE EDUCATION OF WOMEN IN THE SOUTH. 174
THE SEMI-COLLEGES. 184
THE OTHER FEMALE COLLEGES. 186
SECONDARY INSTRUCTION. 190
NORMAL SCHOOLS AND INDUSTRIAL EDUCATION. 192
CONCLUSION. 195
Chapter V: WOMAN IN LITERATURE. 197
Chapter VI: WOMAN IN JOURNALISM. 230
Chapter VII: WOMAN IN MEDICINE. 248
Chapter VIII: WOMAN IN THE MINISTRY. 344
Chapter IX: WOMAN IN LAW. 362
Chapter X: WOMAN IN THE STATE. 406
Chapter XI: WOMAN IN INDUSTRY. 457
Chapter XII: CHARITY. 533
Chapter XIII: CARE OF THE SICK. HOSPITALS AND TRAINING SCHOOLS FOR NURSES MANAGED WHOLLY OR IN PART BY WOMEN. 572
Chapter XIV: CARE OF THE CRIMINAL. 593
SPREAD OF WORK. 594
NEW YORK PRISON ASSOCIATION. 595
PERSONAL WORK. 597
REFORMATORY PRISONS FOR WOMEN. 600
WOMEN ON STATE BOARDS. 603
DEPARTMENT OF PRISON, JAIL, AND POLICE WORK OF THE NATIONAL WOMAN’S CHRISTIAN TEMPERANCE UNION. 604
POLICE MATRONS. 607
PAST, PRESENT, AND FUTURE. 613
Chapter XV: CARE OF THE INDIAN. 615
Chaptet XVI: WORK OF ANTI-SLAVERY WOMEN. 638
Chapter XVII: WORK OF THE W. C. T. U. 649
Chapter XVIII: THE ORIGIN AND APPLICATION OF THE RED CROSS. 669
APPENDICES. 685
APPENDIX A. 685
APPENDIX B.—Table I. 687
APPENDIX B.—Table II. 690
APPENDIX C.—Table I. 708
APPENDIX C.—Table II. 713
APPENDIX C.—Table III. 715
APPENDIX D. 720
APPENDIX E. 734
THE CIVIL RIGHTS OF WOMEN. 734
INDEX.. 740
ABOUT THE AUTHOR.. 765
PREFACE
1. Historical Role of Women in the USA**
Women in the United States have played a crucial role in shaping the nation’s history, from the earliest colonial settlements to the modern era. In the early years, women's roles were largely confined to the home, where they were expected to care for the family and manage household duties. However, women also contributed to the economy through agriculture, trade, and cottage industries. As the country grew, women became increasingly involved in reform movements, such as abolitionism and the fight for suffrage, laying the groundwork for future advancements in women's rights.
2. **The Suffrage Movement**
One of the most significant milestones for women in the United States was the fight for the right to vote. The women's suffrage movement, which began in the mid-19th century, was led by pioneering figures like Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, and Sojourner Truth. After decades of activism, the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution was passed in 1920, granting women the right to vote. This victory was a turning point in the struggle for gender equality, providing women with a powerful tool to influence politics and society.
3. **Women in the Workforce**
Women in the United States have made significant strides in the workforce, particularly since the early 20th century. During World War II, women entered the workforce in large numbers to fill roles left vacant by men who were fighting overseas. The iconic image of "Rosie the Riveter" symbolized women’s contributions to the war effort and the changing perceptions of women’s capabilities. Today, women make up nearly half of the U.S. workforce and occupy positions in every sector, from business and technology to education and healthcare. However, the gender pay gap and underrepresentation in leadership roles remain ongoing challenges.
4. **Women in Politics**
Women’s participation in American politics has grown significantly over the past century. Although the first woman to serve in the U.S. Congress, Jeannette Rankin, was elected in 1916, it took many years for women to gain a substantial presence in political offices. In recent years, there has been a historic increase in the number of women elected to Congress and state legislatures. Notably, Kamala Harris made history in 2021 by becoming the first female Vice President of the United States, as well as the first woman of African American and South Asian descent to hold the position.
