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The Cost of the Ukraine War for Russia

Howard J. ShatzClint Reach

出版	RAND Corporation, 2024-03-15
主題	Business & Economics / Economic ConditionsHistory / Europe / GeneralHistory / Europe / EasternPolitical Science / Political EconomyPolitical Science / Terrorism
ISBN	19774126889781977412683
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=mwBu0AEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

In this report, RAND researchers present estimates of what costs Russia is incurring as a result of its invasion of Ukraine. As of September 2022, researchers estimated military costs reached $40 billion. Full-year 2022 gross domestic product losses amounted to between $81 billion and $104 billion and full-year financial capital destruction reached $322 billion. Direct military spending may amount to almost $132 billion through 2024. Over the long term, even with a stalemated war, Russia's economy and the standard of living of its people are likely to decline. The main factor sustaining Russia's economy is the export revenue it earns from oil and gas sales. Despite these significant economic losses, RAND researchers judged these costs to be sustainable for the next several years.