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The Fiscal Consequences of Shrinking Populations

Mr.Benedict J. ClementsMr.Kamil DybczakVitor GasparMr.Sanjeev GuptaMauricio Soto

出版	International Monetary Fund, 2015-10-26
主題	Business & Economics / Public FinanceSocial Science / DemographySocial Science / Emigration & Immigration
ISBN	15135448889781513544885
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=rbAaEAAAQBAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
EBook	SAMPLE

註釋

This Staff Discussion Note looks at the stark fiscal challenges posed by the decline and aging of populations between now and 2100. It finds that without reforms, pensions and health spending would rise to 25 percent of GDP by end-century in more developed countries (and 16 percent of GDP in less developed countries), with potentially dire fiscal consequences. Given the uncertainty underlying the population projections and associated large fiscal risks, a multi-pronged approach will be required. This could include entitlement reform—starting now but at a gradual pace; policies that affect demographics and labor markets; and better tax systems and more efficient public expenditure.