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Genetic and Biochemical Characterization of Copper Tolerance and Resistance in Escherichia Coli

Franklin Wayne Outten

出版	Northwestern University, 2001
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=rfdCNwAACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋

The essential nutrient copper is of critical importance in many cellular functions. The unique chemical properties of copper can also make it toxic to the cell. Given this dual nature, specific copper homeostasis systems are emerging in all kingdoms of life. In the gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, we have recently identified the first two copper export pathways and shown that each is controlled by a copper-sensing signal transduction system. The cue copper export system encodes an inner membrane transporter and a periplasmic multicopper oxidase, which serve as the primary pathway to clear the cytoplasm of excess copper. In contrast, the cus copper transporter spans the cell envelope and is only induced to export copper under conditions of high copper stress.