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School-based Management
註釋Decentralization is one of the major trends in educational management in recent years. Among the many such reforms that have been undertaken, the introduction of school-based management in the structure of education governance is one of the most controversial developments. The implementation of such reform is increasingly advocated in different part of the world as a way to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of schools. This booklet reviews the origins and the basic features of the concept, the preliminary lessons that can be drawn from its introduction, and also the conditions required for its successful implementation. This work is the first in a series of three that will review and discuss the pros and cons of decentralization and how to go about it. This edition describes the implementation of school-based management models in six countries and also documents various decentralization movements that have emerged in several European countries. An Australian State of Victoria case study explores the political and pedagogical contexts for this reform and provides insights into the role played by the various actors and agencies that have been involved. (Contains 117 references.) (DFR)