Fully updated fourth edition.

The Middle East is perhaps the most tumultuous area on earth, with ancient battles still being fought. This updated guide offers an intense look - through the lens of present-day knowledge - at current events and the everchanging political and social landscape, as well as the region's history. And it addresses:

?The re-arming of Hezbollah

?Iran's increased threat of acquiring nuclear weapons

?The odds of Palestinian unity in peace talks

?The evacuation from Gaza