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The Tonawanda Senecas' Heroic Battle Against Removal
Laurence M. Hauptman
其他書名
Conservative Activist Indians
出版
State University of New York Press
, 2011-07-01
主題
History / Indigenous Peoples in the Americas
History / United States / State & Local / Middle Atlantic (DC, DE, MD, NJ, NY, PA)
ISBN
1438435797
9781438435794
URL
http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=trbWJead8_wC&hl=&source=gbs_api
EBook
SAMPLE
註釋
The remarkable story of the Tonawanda Senecas in the face of overwhelming odds is the centerpiece of this landmark community study. In the six decades prior to the Civil War, they wrestled with pressures from land companies; the local, state, and federal officials' policies to acquire tribal lands and remove the Indians; misguided Quakers who believed they knew what was best for the Indians; and divisions among Seneca communities about what strategies of resistance to employ. As deftly and convincingly revealed by Laurence M. Hauptman, the Tonawanda Senecas were able strategists who overcame disastrous treaties to regain 7,549 acres of their western New York territory, lands that they still possess today.
The chiefs and clan mothers pursued a number of well thought-out strategies: petitioning officials and lobbying in Washington, challenging the legality of the treaties; preventing surveyors from entering onto tribal lands; disrupting land auctions; taking out advertisements; and networking with influential whites. They also hired a first-rate attorney who eventually won a landmark victory in the U.S. Supreme Court and who successfully negotiated the United States–Tonawanda Treaty of 1857, which provided a formula to repurchase a part of the reservation. In recounting this heroic story, Hauptman throws new light on Red Jacket and Ely S. Parker, women's roles within Tonawanda society, and the development of the Gaiwiio, the Longhouse religion.