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כפר נידח באירופה

其他書名	חלמנו (קולמהוף) : מחנה ההשמדה הנאצי הראשון
出版	יד ושם, 2001
ISBN	96530811289789653081123
URL	http://books.google.com.hk/books?id=v_yfAAAAMAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api

註釋The first Nazi extermination camp was established in the village of Chełmno. It began to operate on 8 December 1941; Jews were gassed in trucks and buried in mass graves in the nearby forest. The Nazis intended to use the site to murder the ca. 420,000 Jews who lived in the Warthegau region. Based on testimonies of Jews and of Nazi war criminals, describes the extermination process at Chełmno, deportations from Łódź, and the liquidation of other ghettos in the area (listed on pp. 75-88). In fall 1942, after most of the Jews in the area had been killed, the Nazis began to remove the traces of the mass murders. In March 1943 the camp was closed, but it was reopened in April 1944, with some changes: the gassing was done in the forest and the bodies were burned in two crematoria. Based on the Łódź ghetto chronicles and other sources, describes deportations to Chełmno in June-July 1944 and the liquidation of the ghetto in August, as well as Rumkowski's cooperation with the Nazis. The few Jews who remained in Chełmno were killed in January 1945, with the approach of the Soviet army.