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出版SSRN, 2012
URLhttp://books.google.com.hk/books?id=w83jzwEACAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
註釋In the literature on firm-level data, “gazelles” refer to rapidly-growing firms, which are of interest both because of their disproportionate contribution to employment and as an indicator of entrepreneurship. This paper makes three contributions: (1) It focuses on gazelles in China and India, whereas the current literature uses OECD data; (2) It examines the relationship between gazelles and exporting; (3) It focuses on “gazillas,” very large firms which also grow rapidly, and which may be archetypal of the development of markets in a given country. Gazelles exist in all sectors in both China and India. On the margin, exporters of goods are more likely to be gazelles in both China and India, but many non-exporters are gazelles, suggesting that there are substantial opportunities in selling to the domestic market. In both countries, state-owned enterprises are less likely on average to be gazelles and foreign-owned enterprises are more likely, but there are significant counterexamples. Prominent gazillas in China include both foreign-invested enterprises (e.g. Foxconn), which are export-intensive, and state-owned enterprises (e.g. units of Sinopec), which focus on the domestic market. In India, gazillas are featured in both software and in recently reformed service sectors, such as telecom, where they have been key to the explosive diffusion of mobile phones in the last 20 years.