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Jüdische Gemeinden zwischen bürgerlicher Emanzipation und Obrigkeitsstaat
Anke Schwarz
其他書名
Studien über Anspruch und Wirklichkeit jüdischen Lebens in kurhessischen Kleinstädten im 19. Jahrhundert
出版Kommission für die Geschichte der Juden in Hessen, 2002
ISBN39214342389783921434239
URLhttp://books.google.com.hk/books?id=xLltAAAAMAAJ&hl=&source=gbs_api
註釋Examines the process of Jewish integration in four towns near Kassel: Grebenstein, Wolfhagen, Fritzlar, and Witzenhausen, from the end of French rule and the return of the Elector in 1814 until the annexation of Kurhessen to Prussia in 1866. The Elector revoked the French laws that had given Jews full equality and granted Kurhessian citizenship only to Jews who did not engage in peddling, an occupation thought to deprave the character. Jews were to be reeducated to take up "productive" employment - agriculture and manual trades; but restrictive regulations and economic crises in these very sectors made this impracticable. Though younger Jews gave up peddling, many still engaged in the sale of goods. They could become citizens of the towns and members of guilds, and obtain licenses to practice their trade, but often only despite the opposition of the non-Jewish citizenry. Suggests that anti-Jewish prejudice was largely caused by the competition between the modern, more profitable business practices of the Jews and the conservative ways of the Christian merchants; the latter were seen as more "moral".