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註釋This manual provides illustrated keys to identification of 309 species of fruticose lichens and allied fungi that are known from or expected to occur in British Columbia. The manual includes all lichen genera, both micro- and macro-lichens, in which a majority of species bear stalks or branches that are roughly circular in cross-section. The manual emphasizes morphological characters over chemical and spore characters, and avoids technical terms as far as possible. The body of the manual is arranged alphabetically, first by genus and then by species. The genus accounts include scientific and common names, a short description, pertinent references, and notes on global status, distribution, taxonomy, chemistry, and points of distinction with similar genera. The species accounts are more complex and are organized under the following headings: species and author citation, synonyms, distribution maps, common names, habitat/range, distribution in the northern hemisphere, cordilleran distribution, reactions to commonly used reagents and ultraviolet light, contents, variability, and notes. Introductory sections include information on biogeoclimatic zones in British Columbia, lichen biology and morphology, and the use of lichen chemistry in identification. The appendix includes a list of excluded species, a glossary, and a name index.